Fars
Pasargadae
Erste Hauptstadt von Cyrus dem Großen, wo das Persische Reich begann
8 Highlights · tippen Sie auf einen PunktPasargadae war die erste dynastische Hauptstadt des Achämenidenreichs, im 6. Jahrhundert v. Chr. von Cyrus II. (dem Großen) in der Ebene von Pars, dem persischen Kernland, gegründet. Die 160 Hektar große archäologische Stätte bewahrt das schlichte Grabmal des Cyrus aus Kalkstein, die Ruinen seiner Paläste und seiner Audienzhalle, eine befestigte Zitadelle (Tall-e Takht) sowie die Reste des weltweit frühesten belegten vierteiligen Chahar-Bagh-Gartens – alles Ausdruck einer beispiellosen Synthese elamischer, babylonischer, assyrischer, ägyptischer und anatolischer Kunsttraditionen. 2004 von der UNESCO eingeschrieben, liegt die Stätte etwa 90-130 km nordöstlich von Shiraz und rund 40 km nördlich von Persepolis, der späteren Hauptstadt, die sie unter Darius dem Großen ablöste.
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Top-Sehenswürdigkeiten
- 1
Tomb of Cyrus the Great
Austere stepped limestone mausoleum of the empire's founder, the site's defining monument. A gabled stone burial chamber set atop a six-tier stepped plinth, standing a little over 11 m tall. Its restrained, perfectly proportioned design fuses Mesopotamian/Elamite ziggurat form with Urartian and Lydian/Ionian detail. Alexander the Great paid his respects here; it remains one of the most revered monuments in Iran.
- 2
Tall-e Takht (Throne of the Mother of Solomon / Citadel)
Massive fortified terrace and citadel on a natural hill above the plain. The administrative and defensive stronghold of Pasargadae, begun under Cyrus with finely cut, mortarless Lydian-style ashlar masonry and continued in mud-brick under Darius. Its huge stone platform and commanding views illustrate Achaemenid engineering and fortification.
- 3
Palace S (Audience Hall / Apadana)
Ruins of Cyrus's columned audience hall, ancestor of the great Persepolis apadanas. Once a hypostyle hall of tall columns; a single column and column bases survive along with carved doorjamb reliefs. It pioneered the columned-hall plan that defined later Achaemenid palace architecture.
- 4
Palace P (Residential Palace)
Remains of Cyrus's private residential palace with surviving portico and reliefs. Featured a long columned portico and is the palace bearing trilingual cuneiform inscriptions naming 'Cyrus the King, an Achaemenid.' It overlooked the formal royal garden, integrating architecture and landscape.
- 5
Gate R and the Winged Figure relief
Remains of the monumental gatehouse holding the famous four-winged guardian relief. Considered among the oldest known freestanding gatehouses (propylaea). Its surviving doorjamb bears a ~2.5 m four-winged figure crowned with an Egyptian-style Hemhem crown - an Elamite robe, Egyptian crown, Assyrian/Syro-Phoenician wings and Ionian rosette border, the empire's multicultural imagery in one image. Once carried (now lost) the inscription 'I, Cyrus, the King, an Achaemenid.'
- 6
Royal Garden (Chahar Bagh) and water channels
Earthwork and stone channels of the world's earliest recorded fourfold Persian garden. Cyrus laid out a geometric, quartered garden fed by precisely cut limestone water channels and basins - the prototype of the Persian 'chahar bagh' that influenced garden design from the Taj Mahal to European parks. The stone watercourses and pavilion bases are still traceable on the ground.
- 7
Zendan-e Soleiman (Prison of Solomon)
Tall, ruined square stone tower of uncertain purpose near the palace zone. A single surviving wall of a tower-like structure closely resembling the better-preserved Kaaba-ye Zartosht at Naqsh-e Rostam. Its function - tomb, fire temple or ceremonial repository - remains debated, adding to the site's mystery.
- 8
Sacred Precinct and fire altars
Two stone plinths on a hillside thought to be open-air ceremonial/fire altars. A pair of carved stone platforms (one with steps) interpreted as an Achaemenid open-air ritual area, possibly where royal investiture or fire ceremonies took place - rare physical evidence of early Persian religious practice.
- 9
Mozaffari Caravanserai
Ruined medieval caravanserai built partly from reused Achaemenid stone. An Islamic-era (Atabak/later) roadside inn near the tomb, illustrating the site's continued use along trade routes long after the Achaemenids and the reuse of ancient masonry.
- 10
Pasargadae Museum
Small on-site museum displaying finds and interpretive material from the excavations. Helps contextualise the scattered ruins with artefacts, models and explanatory panels - a useful first or last stop to understand the layout of the dispersed monuments.